So, What is Linux?

Hello everyone. Firstly, I’m so sorry to write this topic easily. I don’t have enough experience to tell what Linux is but writing is part of my learning. This is my first English writing so sorry for my grammar mistakes. Linux is the best-known and most-used open-source operating system. Well, what is open-source?

Briefly, Open-source is software with source code that anyone can inspect, modify, and enhance. For more info click here.

I got an education of about 80 hours of 11. Mustafa Akgul Free Software Linux 101 is an event organized by the Linux users society at Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University.

Firstly, I want to talk about important things about Linux.

Kernel

The base component of the OS. Without it, the OS doesn’t work. The kernel manages the system’s resources and communicates with the hardware. It’s responsible for memory, process, and file management. The kernel is one of the most basic because Linux will not be able to work without the kernel.

Space User

The second thing that is indispensable to the Linux kernel is user space. With this part, your device system can be closely linked together

Applications

If you are an end user, you may have a hard time with this. Because using Libre Office instead of Microsoft Office is a bit annoying but don’t panic. With every app in Linux, you can do everything like what you do in Windows (even better)

Linux is a little bit different from Windows because sometimes we need to manage OS from the terminal. I would like to share the best commands I’ve learned.

1. ls — The most frequently used command in Linux to list directories
2. pwd — Print working directory command in Linux
3. cd — Linux command to navigate through directories
4. mkdir — Command used to create directories in Linux
5. mv — Move or rename files in Linux
6. cp — Similar usage as mv but for copying files in Linux
7. rm — Delete files or directories
8. touch — Create blank/empty files
9. ln — Create symbolic links (shortcuts) to other files
10. cat — Display file contents on the terminal
11. clear — Clear the terminal display
12. echo — Print any text that follows the command
13. less — Linux command to display paged outputs in the terminal
14. man — Access manual pages for all Linux commands
15. uname — Linux command to get basic information about the OS
16. whoami — Get the active username
17. tar — Command to extract and compress files in Linux
18. grep — Search for a string within an output
19. head — Return the specified number of lines from the top
20. tail — Return the specified number of lines from the bottom
21. diff — Find the difference between two files
22. cmp — Allows you to check if two files are identical
23. comm — Combines the functionality of diff and cmp
24. sort — Linux command to sort the content of a file while outputting
25. export — Export environment variables in Linux
26. zip — Zip files in Linux
27. unzip — Unzip files in Linux
28. ssh — Secure Shell command in Linux
29. service — Linux command to start and stop services
30. ps — Display active processes
31. kill and killall — Kill active processes by process ID or name
32. df — Display disk filesystem information
33. mount — Mount file systems in Linux
34. chmod — Command to change file permissions
35. chown — Command for granting ownership of files or folders
36. ifconfig — Display network interfaces and IP addresses
37. wget — Direct download files from the internet
38. iptables — Base firewall for all other firewall utilities to interface with
39. apt — Package managers depending on the distro
40. sudo — Command to escalate privileges in Linux
41. cal — View a command-line calendar
42. alias — Create custom shortcuts for your regularly used commands
43. whereis — Locate the binary, source, and manual pages for a command
44. whatis — Find what a command is used for
45. top — View active processes live with their system usage
46. useradd and usermod — Add new user or change existing users data
47. passwd — Create or update passwords for existing users

If you’re seng or ceng student you should change your OS for better computer learning. I’m hearing some whispers about what is difference between Linux and Windows. Let’s share.

1- FILE SYSTEM

Windows uses FAT and NTFS as file systems, while Linux uses a variety of file systems

2- SECURITY

Linux has segmented working environments that secure it from the attack of viruses. However, Windows OS is not much segmented and thus it is more vulnerable to threats. Also, don’t forget that there are many viruses for windows, but this is incredibly rare on Linux.

3- PRIVACY

Apps that don’t track you in Linux :)

4- USAGE

Linux has a lot of distros. You can choose one that you like and if you don’t like the distros you can personalize. My choice is Ubuntu. The best part is Linux is free. You can learn more about Linux in more academic articles. This is REALLY short writing about Linux. My point is just for you to have an idea about what is Linux. I’ll show you how to install Linux on your computer in my next writing. See you :)